May
27
2008
2

How to Finish 2/3 : Development


‘The best part of one’s life is the working part, the creative part. Believe me, I love to succeed… however the real spiritual and emotional excitement is in the doing’

This quote is from writer and director Garson Kanin, and reflects something important about the idea of completion. While its important to finish a project it is also important to savour the development process. What is that old cliche about the journey being as/more important than the destination? Well if its true (& cliches often are) then it also represents a danger ie enjoying the process so much that the destination is never reached. With music I would be guilty of this – jamming is the fun part! Experimenting with the form, structure & content of a piece of music is endlessly entertaining as it also provides a good dose of instant gratification. But it is also important! Back in the day, when i used to play in bands (everything was steam powered back then) every song went through a process of development through it being played, in the practice room & live. Being a studio based musician means replacing that process with…. noodling around in the studio… which is sometimes productive & other times isn’t. A few times I have messed with a track, overdubbed new layers & altered the structure until I finally realise I didnt actually like it any more! Thankfully my workflow for sound design has instilled my musical experiments with the concept of backup & archiving, and so its often enlightening to go back a few versions (which may be days or weeks or even months) to find the version that had the core reason for its existence – what excited me about it in the first place – then its a process of being pragmatic as to the value of each of the elements that have been added… and start subtracting!


‘Genius is the ability to edit’
Charlie Chaplin

Editing is an intriguing process. Physically it is often driven by intuition and experience, but the path to finding the right solution or option is often a diverse one. Its the main reason that when I am working on subjective elements for a films sound design I prefer to work alone – I need to know I can go down the wrong road, hit a dead end & try something else, without having to consider someone elses observations… Apart from the distraction, often the only way to find a solution to a difficult or subjective problem is to try the wrong thing, because at the point you realise it is the wrong thing a sudden burst of inspiration or insight into what might be the right solution can become apparent.
Its also significant that an audience never sees or hears the many wrong elements that were discarded, which is where the above quote is so correct. It could be rewritten as ‘Genius is in what you leave out’ and so it must always be a careful consideration as to whether in each step of development addition or subtraction is required. And how does one arrive at those decisions? Objectivity.
Wikipedia says “To be objective is to adhere strictly to truth-conducive methods in one’s thinking, particularly, to take into account all available information, and to avoid any form of prejudice, bias, or wishful thinking.” Theres a conflict there, as wishful thinking is part of what gets a project made ie it doesnt exist but I am going to will it into existence… But equally there are two means of gaining objectivity that I know of & each achieves different results. The first is sleep on it. Put it aside until the following day & have a listen with fresh ears, your first reaction/instincts about it in the morning will be very telling. The other way is to invite someone you know to come & have a listen. This approach is a double edged sword, but in my opinion the important part is achieved by them being there to first listen – you will realise all sorts of things about your work before they even get a chance to react… aspects that were debateable in your own mind before will become rapidly apparent & it is worth listening to yourself as to whether you are apologising for any elements eg ‘I plan to re-record the beat later’ etc… But the double edge sword comes down to what they DO say and whether it has any relevance. Advice I have heard given to many young screenwriters is that you must be careful of (a) who you allow to have input on your work and (b) how much significance you place on their comments. Friends & family can be misleading as they often times will be supportive first, critical last… and I always have respect for the person who when dissecting their own work asks not only what did you like the best, but also what did like the least… Yes-men & women are not much help for anyone except those with ego/insecurity problems.


‘There are no shortcuts to any place worth going’
Beverly Sills

You dont have to look far on the interweb to find plentiful advice on how to get things done, including literally that but I’m going to list a bunch of ideas I have come across and/or experienced to be worth consideration, so think about what relates to you & ignore the rest!
Development = hard work. Lots of it. Some of it sure isn’t as much fun as the joy of the initial inspiration, but it is a means to an end. So when work needs to be done, best to refine some processes that let that work happen as easily possible. Everyone is different and the most productive process vary even within the same individual at different ages/days of the week/times of the day. I remember in my youth almost resenting my inherent list-making nature, but as soon as I started to work on more complex projects (eg supervising film soundtracks) I began to embrace this side of my personality & develop it.
Starting is an interesting issue. Sometimes I think the only difference between those who DO and those who just talk about it, is that the former start… and the funny thing is it matters less WHERE you start than IF you do. Start anywhere! If you arent sure where to start then start with the wrong thing. You will soon realise what you should do instead of the wrong thing, the important thing is that it sets action in motion. You simply can’t wait for inspiration to strike or for the perfect situation. Most of the best photos I have ever taken were when I wasn’t consciously trying to take photos, other than being somewhere with my camera and an open mind. Its true that inspiration comes from perspiration because the subtext of that statement is that inspiration comes from action, being in the moment. I always smile (& then despair) when I hear someone saying how WHEN they have X they will do Y… their subtext is they aren’t here now, they are living in a projected future that may never exist. They are creating barriers to starting and to hell with those barriers!

A dear friend of mine returned recently from a trip to India with his two sons & as he is a very thoughtful person I was more than a little intrigued to catch up with him while his experiences were still fresh in his psyche. And his first words have become etched in my mind: ‘Time is elastic!’ – of course there followed a lengthy sake-fueled rant about the virtues of travel & culture & experiences & life, but the fundamental theory is a sound one. Although the clock may tick a second off with each tick, how we humans perceive it has everything to do with context. I have a very good book which I have read a dozen times or more called Ten Thoughts About Time by Bodil Jonsson which refers seperately to “Clock time” and “Lived time” and as a simple example of the dichotomy asks “How many ‘soons’ make up quarter of an hour?” But perception of time is also a good indicator of conscious state. You just know you are in your creative zone when time becomes meaningless and while you well know “just before” was maybe two o’clock, now could be either three o’clock or six o’clock…. Its about flow; working/expressing yourself unhindered & slightly unhinged. I suspect anyone creative experiences it, but their understanding of it varies greatly. What does it take to get yourself in the flow of a project, so caught up in what you are doing that time becomes irrelevant? The one thing I know is that when I am in that flow, it only takes a small interruption to pierce that bubble. In the process of learning about my own creative flow I have slowly tried to identify those interruptions and isolate them. As a simple example, at my studio when working on a film I often have a couple of other sound editors working in adjoining rooms and it is an unspoken rule that if my door is firmly shut then don’t come asking me questions about things that can wait…. One person asking ‘what would you like me to do next? And the idea I was chasing may have gone…. same applies for the phone/ichat/email…

So time management is crucial – when is your best time to do specific tasks/processes? And where is your time going? No one wants to track every minute, but if your first hour every morning is never productive then assign it some tasks that don’t matter whether you are in the mood or not: edit/tag samples or new recordings or whatever is productive but not creatively taxing…. As you get older I think there is an onus to observe & learn about your own behaviour – what do you avoid & when/why? You don’t like tweaking drum patterns or editing horse hooves or whatever – find someone who does & collaborate with them!

Another aspect of time management is based entirely on deadlines. I well know that there is a trajectory of every project where what you do at every stage is important, but what you do in the final preparation is CRUCIAL. At the start of a project the stakes are often lower, experimentation is encouraged & the main focus is about beginning to form the vocabulary to express what the final form might be…. But by the end of a project you have the knowledge of every thing done up to that point, you know every detail intimately, you know what is there & why… And yet you must remain open to the possibility of very deep insight making itself apparent. I used to totally exhaust myself by the time we started premixing on a film but I now know better, its not a sprint, its a marathon and you have to retain the creative energy to be open minded (& preferably have a sense of humour) until the champagne pops at the end of the final day…
But this concept is also valuable as a short-term motivator, if the only deadline is at the end of the project then its one very long run up to the finish whereas if there are many intermediate deadlines then major advances can be achieved through the push required to meet those deadlines. I have done this with music a number of times eg deciding well in advance that I will mix a version of a tune I have been noodling around with forever by the end of this weekend. That usually means working late on a Sunday (one of my favourite times to make music – when the drones are all in bed, preparing for their next day in nine to five hell) but the advances made in the final hours of that push often outweigh the previous weeks noodling!

OK so rant over for now & prior to part 3; some links to articles in a similar vein:


Get your temporary To Do tattoo here

The Dip is a book about the trajectory of successful projects: “Every new project (or career or relationship) starts out exciting and fun. Then it gets harder and less fun, until it hits a low point – really hard, really not fun. At that point, you might be in a Dip (which will get better if you keep pushing) or a Cul-de-sac (which will never get better, no matter how hard you try). The hard part is knowing the difference and acting on it. What really sets superstars (his word, not mine) apart from everyone else is the ability to give up on Cul-de-sacs while staying motivated in Dips. Winners quit fast, quit often, and quit without guilt – until they commit to beating the right Dip for the right reasons.”

“I-never-finish-anyth…” via metafilter

“How can i focus my ability to focus” – also via metafilter

Not-to-do lists via here and here and here

Scrum development = divide work into “mini projects” – fixed time frame/limited number of detailed tasks… also on gamasutra

Art from Start to Finish is a book which “gathers a unique group of contributors from the worlds of sociology, musicology, literature, and communications—many of them practicing artists in their own right—to discuss how artists from jazz musicians to painters work: how they coordinate their efforts, how they think, how they start, and, of course, how they finish their productions.”

“This is a stone from the endless beach” is an interview with acclaimed NZ artist Max Gimblett which is very interesting (& also appears in the previous book) including sections titled: “The completion is in the beginning”, “Poets teach me ways to begin and complete paintings” and “Ways to stop rather than finishing”

Productivity is Overrated! is a great read and a welcome antidote to all the people who’s instant fallback in any such conversation is quoting Getting Things Done… “From my experience, the most common trait you will consistently observe in accomplished people is an obsession with completion. Once a project falls into their horizon, they crave, almost compulsively, to finish it. If they’re organized, this might happen in scheduled chunks. If they’re not — like many — this might happen in all-nighters. But they get it done. Fast and consistently. It’s this constant stream of finishing that begins, over time, to unlock more and more interesting opportunities… Introducing Completion-Centric Planning…. Here’s the reality: Real accomplishments require really hard pushes. GTD style, “one independent task at a time” productivity systems make it easy to avoid these pushes by instead doing a lot of little easy things…..”

And finally, the thoughful Don’t Start What You Can’t Finish!
“Before you attack any project dig deep and evaluate your chances of a satisfactory completion. It’s all too common to begin something that, when you really think about it, you’ve got a very little realistic chance of finishing….. Know the goal at all times…… Perfect is the enemy of the done…”


‘All I know about method is that when I am not working I sometimes think
I know something, but when I am working it is quite clear I know nothing’
John Cage

UPDATE: if this was useful/relevant have a look at part 1 and part 3

Written by in: Misc |
Mar
24
2008
1

Zizzled!

This is the toy I wish I got for Christmas, 1972!!!

Its funny, when you play with it you soon realise the relationship between the shape of the little pieces and the sound they make as its based on the envelope.. except the one that records sound of course… And here it is in use, in the dark:

I picked up one of these Zounds Zizzle from ebay a while back & I’ve had lots of fun with it (put the tempo on lowest possible, turn up the echo, dont use the spiky dumb drum loop module) but the most fun is watching my nieces & nephews interact with it! Actually the same goes for my Kaossilator, although it has some more serious musical uses….

Written by in: Misc |
Mar
23
2008
0

Seal meets Sound Recordist

I was out recording the ocean on the South Coast of Wellington the other day & had an unexpected chance to record some seal vocalisations… The best parts of that coast are only really accessible by a long, long walk from Owhiro Bay… or to use a 4WD. I’ll justify my carbon emmissions by saying I took lots of equipment with me, but while I was wandering around recording waves I almost stood on this seal… And I smelt him just before I saw him.. and sheesh did I smell him after he opened his mouth!!!

As far as frights go: seal 1, sound recordist Nil

Written by in: field recording,Misc |
May
17
2007
3

the birds & subharmonics

I just watched, or should I say re-re-re-rewatched Alfred Hitchcocks film The Birds and while it will never quite disturb my senses the way it did the first time it still is a sharp reminder of the power of memory versus reality & the idea of being open to lateral solutions to complex problems. When you think of a film as scary as The Birds you immediately start thinking about the score & while many of Hitchcocks films were scored by the brilliant Bernard Herrmann, The Birds is a film with no score! Herrman was employed as a ‘sound consultant’ on the project but the sonic power of the film originated solely from the sound effects… this would be considered a brave move nowadays but it must have been even more so back then..

So what does provide the scares? One reason the sound effects in The Birds directly touch the fears of the audience is that they are relatively abstract—especially the bird cries. Quoting from Chapter 8 of The Silent Scream – “There are seven attacks in all, and Hitchcock clearly was challenged by a desire to differentiate them. There are two sets of variables that he seems to be manipulating in relation to the sound effects: whether the birds are introduced first aurally or visually and whether the birds are ominously noisy or ominously silent.”
Hitchcock himself has described how for the seventh and last attack he no longer needed to have the birds scream. “When Melanie is locked up in the attic with the murderous birds we inserted the natural sounds of wings. Of course, I took the dramatic licence of not having the birds scream at all. To describe a sound accurately, one has to imagine its equivalent in dialogue. What I wanted to get in that attack is as if the birds were telling Melanie, “Now we’ve got you where we want you. Here we come. We don’t have to scream in triumph or in anger. This is going to be a silent murder.” That’s what the birds were saying, and we got the technicians to achieve that effect through electronic sound.”

Now Hitchcock is describing the pyschological effect of the sounds but bearing in mind the film was made in 1963, how & by whom were the sounds generated?

Meet Oskar Sala & the Trautonium

Oskar Sala was (he died at the age of 91 back in 2002) a 20th century German composer and a pioneer of electronic music. He played an electronic instrument called the Trautonium & helped develop it into a device he called the Mixtur-Trautonium. This is where it gets a little technical but bear with me, its worth it… or you know, skip down to the end & listen to the mp3s!

According to the excellent site 120 Years of Electronic Music the original Trautonium had a fingerboard consisting of a resistance wire stretched over a metal rail marked with a chromatic scale and coupled to a neon tube oscillator. The performer on pressing the wire touches the rail and completes the circuit and the oscillator is amplified via a loudspeaker. The position of the finger on the wire determines the resistance controlling the frequency and therefore controls the pitch of the oscillator & when the finger glides over the string a continuous glissando results over the entire tonal region. The Trautonium had a three octave range that could be transposed by means of a switch. An additional series of circuits can be added to control the timbre of the note by amplifying the harmonics of the fundamental note, non harmonic partials can also be added by selective filtering. This unique form of subtractive synthesis produced a tone that was distinctive and unusual…. have a listen:

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Oskar Salas Mixtur Trautonium used subharmonic frequency mixtures to generate sound. The sounds produced by conventional instruments and in the natural world are a combination of notes each with a different pitch; each fundamental has various overtones, so-called harmonics, above it. Subharmonic sounds are produced by dividing the frequency of the fundamental “undertones” — subharmonics — are the result. Subharmonic sounds do not exist in nature and differ from the sounds produced conventionally by synthesizers and software programmes for electronic music. Fax records released 2 CDs by Oska Sala, one called My Fascinating Instrument and the other called Subharmonic Mixtures

Now watch the trailer & feel the fear!

& check out this great reference to The Birds in a Simpsons episode

creepy!

Written by in: Misc |
Mar
18
2007
2

crashing cars for a living

What to do with an old car that still goes, but the idea of it actually passing a warrant of fitness is less likely than discovering a perpetual motion engine in a junk store in Westport? I believe one of the best options is to donate it to a bunch of maniacal sound editors & let it become one with its particles as we smash the living daylights out of it!!

here is the ‘before’ photo, a donated Ford Telstar parked outside my old studio in Jessie Street – the front windscreen was already smashed but other than that it actually was quite driveable… Late the previous evening, when the city was quiet, i put a couple of mics inside the car & stomped around on the roof & got some great sounds until one of the neighbours woke up & asked me what the hell I was doing?!?

The first time we did this we had six sound recordists and a serious array of crow bars, hammers & axes. This time there were just four of us – we got access to the local landfill/rubbish dump after hours & spent the next three hours wreaking every kind of sonic havoc that we could muster. First up was reversing it into other car bodies & a huge pile of fridges and we got some massive metal impacts! Then we drove slowly into the other car bodys & recorded some fantastic metal scrapes – the kind that when heard in real life you just know the next phone call is to your insurance agent. Here is a video clip of reversing into fridges (hint, if you ever do this – reversing is better for recording car crash impacts for a start as it doesnt damage the engine)

And a few ‘car meets mountain of fridges’ sounds:

After we had tired of driving moves we decided to try & blow the motor up. A brick was found & placed on the accelerator & we stood back as the motor screamed its lungs out. After about ten minutes the entire exhaust & muffler were glowing red hot & the motor began to self oscillate in revs until it finally seized.

By this point the motor was VERY hot & we recorded some fantastic hot metal ‘tinks’ as it cooled

Next up we recorded puncturing the tyres with a sharp knife:

Followed by an array of axe & hammer impacts on the doors, bonnet & roof

Everyone went home physically exhausted.. and the following day we compiled all the various perspective recordings into a fantastic library that has been used in more than a few films since. Highly reccomended for the sound effects library (& for any residual violence/stress relief) and SO MUCH BETTER than the generic sound FX that you can buy in commercial librarys. They are also easier to find/remember when hunting through the many thousands of sound files in my library, simply because I was there and recorded it myself – every sound effect from that session is permanently imprinted in my brain, unlike generic library sound effect….

And here are a few of the ‘after’ photos”

RIP = REST IN PIECES

Written by in: FX recording,Misc |
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